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Artificial Insemination Training Institute

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All Animals Desi Gauvansh

Cattle Breeds

India has over 50 registered indigenous cattle breeds. Zebu (Bos indicus) cattle are heat tolerant, disease resistant and thrive on low-input feeding, which makes them the backbone of rural dairying and draught power.

Showing 16 of 16 Cattle breeds

Gir — Cattle breed

Gir

Gujarat

One of the finest milch breeds of India and the most widely exported Indian cattle breed. Gir genetics form the base of Brazil's dairy zebu industry, where elite Gir cows now exceed 10,000 kg per lactation.

1,600–2,500 kg per lactation; 4.5–5% fat

Sahiwal — Cattle breed

Sahiwal

Punjab, Haryana +1

Regarded as the best indigenous dairy breed of India. Sahiwal is used across Asia and Africa to grade up local cattle because it combines high yield with tropical hardiness.

2,000–3,000 kg per lactation; 4.5% fat

Red Sindhi — Cattle breed

RED SINDHI Milk

Red Sindhi

Punjab, Haryana +3

A compact, deep red dairy breed prized for consistent yield in hot, humid conditions. It is one of the most heat-tolerant dairy breeds in the world.

1,600–2,500 kg per lactation; 4.9% fat

Tharparkar — Cattle breed

THARPARKAR Dual Purpose

Tharparkar

Rajasthan, Gujarat

A dual-purpose desert breed that gives useful milk while producing strong draught bullocks. It survives on sparse desert grazing and scarce water.

1,200–2,500 kg per lactation; 4.9% fat

Rathi — Cattle breed

Rathi

Rajasthan

Named after the Rath community of north-west Rajasthan, this breed carries Sahiwal, Red Sindhi and Tharparkar blood and is the leading milch breed of the arid zone.

1,000–1,800 kg per lactation; 4.5% fat

Kankrej — Cattle breed

Kankrej

Gujarat, Rajasthan

The heaviest Indian draught breed and a strong milker. Kankrej was exported to the USA and Brazil, where it contributed to the Brahman and Guzerat breeds.

1,300–1,800 kg per lactation; 4.8% fat

Ongole — Cattle breed

ONGOLE Dual Purpose

Ongole

Andhra Pradesh

A large, majestic white breed known for muscular strength and a proud carriage. Ongole is the ancestor of the American Brahman and is prized across Latin America.

600–1,500 kg per lactation; 4.8% fat

Hariana — Cattle breed

HARIANA Dual Purpose

Hariana

Haryana, Punjab +1

The most numerous dual-purpose breed of northern India, valued for hardworking bullocks and moderate milk from cows kept on crop residue.

600–1,500 kg per lactation; 4.5% fat

Gangatiri — Cattle breed

GANGATIRI Dual Purpose

Gangatiri

Bihar, Uttar Pradesh

A hardy dual-purpose breed of the Ganga basin, well suited to Bihar's paddy–wheat farming systems. It gives dependable milk while producing sturdy bullocks.

900–1,500 kg per lactation; 4.3% fat

Bachaur — Cattle breed

BECHAUR Draught

Bachaur

Bihar

An indigenous draught breed of north Bihar, named after the Bachaur region of Sitamarhi. It is closely related to Hariana and is prized locally for tireless bullocks.

350–500 kg per lactation (cows are modest milkers)

Deoni — Cattle breed

DEONI Dual Purpose

Deoni

Maharashtra, Karnataka +1

A striking black-and-white dual-purpose breed of the Marathwada region, carrying Gir blood in its ancestry.

600–1,200 kg per lactation; 4.3% fat

Hallikar — Cattle breed

HALLIKAR Draught

Hallikar

Karnataka

The premier draught breed of south India and the foundation of the Amritmahal. Hallikar bullocks are known for speed, endurance and alertness.

500–800 kg per lactation (a low milker by design)

Kangayam — Cattle breed

KANGAYAM Draught

Kangayam

Tamil Nadu

A powerful, compact draught breed of the Kongu region, traditionally maintained on protected Korangadu pasture and central to Tamil Nadu's cattle culture.

400–900 kg per lactation

Khillari — Cattle breed

KHILLARI Draught

Khillari

Maharashtra, Karnataka

A fast, muscular draught breed descended from the Hallikar, famous for speed in bullock-cart racing across western Maharashtra.

400–800 kg per lactation

Vechur — Cattle breed

Vechur

Kerala

The smallest cattle breed in the world, standing under 90 cm. Once nearly extinct, Vechur has been revived through dedicated conservation.

500–600 kg per lactation; 4.7–5.8% fat

Punganur — Cattle breed

Punganur

Andhra Pradesh

One of the world's smallest humped cattle breeds and among the rarest, with only a few thousand animals surviving under conservation programmes.

400–600 kg per lactation; 5% fat

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